Arabic Literature

Abstract The poet's strategy before the speech helps him to plan the speech and arrange the words and phrases. This strategy is divided into direct and indirect prayer. In fact, the indirect strategy, which refers to the implicit and non-obvious discourse, is chosen according to the conditions and objectives of the discourse, and it has different tools, which analogy is one of these tools.This research aims to investigate the strategy Hejaz in creating simils images that he used to express the issues of society. And since the examination of these images based on this point of view requires paying attention to the external context of the discourse along with the internal context, so it can be said that the best method for this research is the method of language usage, which, in addition to paying attention to the internal factors of the discourse, also to the external factors has attention.This research has reached results, the most important of which are: There is a close relationship between the society in which the poet lives and the similes he used to express the situation of this society. And for this reason, the audience finds out about the poet's social situation by seeing these images. Since the purpose of the poet in using simile was not only to decorate the words and he considered it as a means to express the social situation and related issues, therefore he sought to understand the audience and tried to create comprehensible and convincing simile images and also pay attention to A shared culture with the audience to bring them together with their thoughts. Therefore, it can be said that the poet's indirect strategy is more obvious and direct; Because the purpose of the poet was to communicate with the  audience and convey concepts to him.

Abstract The strategy is a way for the speaker to choose the best method of discourse. Each poet and writer tries to use appropriate strategies in his discourse, according to his goals, texture and audience. These strategies are divided into two categories of direct and indirect strategies. One of the tools of indirect strategy is metaphor. Since metaphor has an indirect effect on the listener, it is the best way to convince. Therefore, the poets use it to influence the audience. This study seeks to check the metaphors that Abd al-Muʿti Hejazi has used in his poetry to communicate with the audience. Since this study requires attention to the internal and external context of the text, the best way to achieve this goal is through the pragmatic. What matters in this way is to pay attention to all the factors that make up the text, what external factors and internal factors. According to the research results, Abd al-Muʿti Hejazi, in his poems, seeks to change the situation of the Arab community using this strategy. this poet that has changed his religion poetry from Romanticism to the realism school, communicates with audience using metaphor. In fact, the poet's goal of metaphor is not only to make poetry beautiful, but his goal is to communicate with the audience, So he sometimes creates a new metaphor, and sometimes communicates with the audience by removing what is important and paying attention to the common ground between himself and the audience. The metaphors in poetry of this poet  have two meanings: One of the meanings is appearance and the other is hidden. To understand the hidden meaning of metaphor, should pay attention to the context of the poet's text and his goals. The poet uses personification according to his thoughts and makes it a means to convince the audience not a means to escape to nature.