Arabic Literature

Structural Analysis of Novel Titled “Love Without Resistance” Written by Leili Itawi Based On, Roland Barthes Quintuple Mysteries

Zahra Farid; Roghayeh Rostampour maleki

Volume 14, Issue 2 , September 2022, , Pages 23-42

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2021.329664.612440

Abstract

Structuralist criticism is one of the branches of critiquing a literary text in which structures and the relationship between components and rules are discovered. Roland Barthes from ... Read More

Investigating Structural Codes in Contemporary Lebanon Novel Case Study “Al-Khaṭāyā al-shā'i'ah”

Ftemeh Akbarizadeh; Roghieh Rostampour

Volume 13, Issue 3 , November 2021, , Pages 1-21

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2021.303388.612230

Abstract

Literary text, includes various types of signs. These signs are interweaved in various implicational layers. Barthes in his post-structural reading tries to distinguish five types of ... Read More Literary text, includes various types of signs. These signs are interweaved in various implicational layers. Barthes in his post-structural reading tries to distinguish five types of codes, among which three types of codes namely connotative code, symbolic code, and cultural code enlightens the structural implication of the text along with the hypertext elements. In this respect, analyzing these codes will indicate the meaning of the text. This article uses the Barthes' method to read contemporary Lebanese novel and in addition to representing the narrative structure, pays attention to the representation of its intellectual structures. Therefore, during this study, the novel of " Al-khaṭāyā al-shā'i'ah (Common Mistakes)" by Fattan al-Mur, with an anthropological approach toward resistance, was analyzed at three levels of connotative, symbolic, and cultural codes. Connotative code studies an implicit meaning in the characteristics of the characters and their action in the story. At the level of cultural code, the cultural and ideological space of the value system of fictional discourse, and in the symbolic code, symbols emphasized in the story were analyzed. .. The analysis of these codes using Barthes' critical approach through the descriptive-analytic method indicated that the novel, in the case of connotative codes depicts the living conditions in Lebanon in the shadow of terror, insecurity, war, and conflict. In such type of condition, a paradoxical manner is also described, full of peace and security of European life and the image of the characters of these two environments with appropriate features. Therefore, the story does not represent a black and white image of European and Lebanese characters but introduces them through aspects such as courage and patriotism as a shared aspect of the fighters. In cultural or referential codes, "martyrdom" and "martyrdom-seeking" are central values in the story, not only independent of the ideology of Muslims but beyond the religion and belief of a nation are also rooted in the culture of patriotism, the spirit of honor, and resistance. At the level of symbolic codes, the story with a realistic approach provides just one example of the character of a female fighter as the symbolic code.

Imperative-Didactic Speech Acts in Mourid Barghouti’s Novel I Saw Ramallah

Roghieh Rostampour; Zahra Aghajani

Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2020, , Pages 95-118

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2020.306262.612233

Abstract

Speech act theory is one of the well-known theories in applied linguistics. By considering language in the context of human acts, it reveals what is left unsaid in the text and enables ... Read More Speech act theory is one of the well-known theories in applied linguistics. By considering language in the context of human acts, it reveals what is left unsaid in the text and enables us to arrive at an interpretation of it. Based on this theory, one does not merely use words and sentences to communicate a meaning, but commits acts which are called speech acts. I saw Ramallah is an autobiographical novel by Mourid Barghouti, a Palestinian poet and writer. The events of the novel revolve around his return to Ramallah and Deir Ghassana after thirty years of exile to European and Arab countries. The article highlights and analyzes imperative-didactic speech acts of the novel in order to determine the author’s purpose in using them. The importance of the research is evident in the fact that the novel contains emotional speech acts contained in interrogative speech acts in order to express the plight of Palestinians and their resistance against the Zionists. The research argues that two kinds of interrogative speech acts are used in the novel: direct and indirect. The direct speech acts are used by the characters in order to acquire information. The indirect speech acts, however, are used by the writer in accordance with the societal circumstances to express his goals. They are mostly used to express denial, anger, scolding, ridicule, sadness, regret, and surprise upon seeing what has happened and is happening to Ramallah. This type of speech act is prevalent in the novel since it is the most effective in expressing the writer’s intentions and it highlights the communicative aspects of language, which are convincing, encouraging, and affecting the interlocutor. Thus, the writer uses indirect speech acts to reveal his psychological state, as he wants to influence the reader and stir the feelings of the Arab and Islamic nation so that they realize the issue of the Palestinian people and the right that is taken from them by the Zionists.

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Author = Roghayeh Rostampour maleki

Structural Analysis of Novel Titled “Love Without Resistance” Written by Leili Itawi Based On, Roland Barthes Quintuple Mysteries

Abstract

Investigating Structural Codes in Contemporary Lebanon Novel Case Study “Al-Khaṭāyā al-shā'i'ah”

Abstract

Imperative-Didactic Speech Acts in Mourid Barghouti’s Novel I Saw Ramallah

Abstract