Arabic Literature

Abstract Language is present in all areas of human societies and has long been the organizer of human relations at all levels of human life and the basis for the formation of relationships, reflecting the beliefs, views and experiences of human beings. Critical discourse analysis, which developed in the context of sociological ideas, has a social approach to language. The present article, based on Van Dijk's socio-cognitive Analysis Discourse method, deals with the discourse of exploring the poem"Al-arz,va Al-Jorh Allazi la yonfatah " by Amal Danqol, a poet committed to the Arab society.This research uses ideological square elements, a satisfied discourse ode. Considers social and considers it as a social structure and seeks to discover social inequality and the negative points of the dominant discourse and how to redefine the meanings and the content of the audience and explain the poet's ideology.considers the text of the poem as a socio-political discourse and considers it as a social structure that creates its own discourse through the superstructure elements of language and attention to the context of the dominant discourse in society. Redefining the meanings and contentment of the audience and explaining the ideology. He considers the literary work as a kind of action that is socially formed and instead of considering it as a kind of ideal and aesthetic harmony, he considers it as an example of a variable literary institution which is marked by words, indexing, syntactic constructions, rhetorical applications including metaphor and metaphor, engages in polarization and breaks the hegemony of the dominant discourse, thereby reflecting the unequal distribution of power in current society. As a result, it became clear that in this poem, the poet relies more on alienation to show the face of Israel and other colonialists and internal enemies (the Arab ruler) to the people of his society and to institutionalize the ideology of struggle in the minds of the audience. he tries to focus the audience on the reality and the world that exists, not the world that the poet wants to create

Abstract Identified as a social process, language is used for the creation of meaning and bears ideological connotations across its different layers, while it is employed through interactions with power relations. Poetic language serves as a fertile ground for linguistic and stylistic analyses. Given that stylistics is the study of methods with which meaning is created in literature and other texts through language, studying the function of linguistic patterns is an efficient method for stylistic analysis. Based on critical discourse analysis, discourse semiology, and functional linguistics, this study undertakes the stylistic analysis of Amal Donqol’s “A Special Interview with Noah’s Son.” It argues that the poet has taken up poetic discourse as a social weapon, has selected microlayers of “lexicon,” “syntax,” and “rhetoric” in association with the macrolayers of “ideology,” “power,” and “situational context,” and has personified the infrastructures, in order to tackle the political-economic crisis resulting from the Camp David Accords. The stylistic indicators of his poetry (diction, marked syntactical structures, and rhetorical figures) are discourse-oriented structures that bear ideological content, and according to power relations, lead to the highlighting of the discourse of the friend and the marginalization of that of the foe. Donqol’s attitude towards sociopolitical issues of his country is reflected in his stylistic features, such as choice of words as social signifiers, social indexing, modality in syntactic structures, grammatical voice of the text, along with rhetorical figures such as metaphor, allegory, symbolism, derision and repetition. And these are utilized to express the ideology of resistance against enemies and rejection of the current situation of Egypt and fighting against the policies of the then ruler, Anwar Sadat. Accordingly, this poem is a sociopolitical reading; its poetic language serves as a social action, and its text both makes and is made of social relationships, wherein the poet, considering his own ideology and that of the ruling power, portrays his beliefs by selecting different styles of expression.