Arabic Literature

Translability of Cultural Elements in Qasea Sermon of Nahj al-Balagha - Comparison of Ayati and Shahidi Translations with Consider to Newmark Theory

Ezzat Molla Ebrahimi; Zahra Rezaee

Volume 15, Issue 3 , September 2023, , Pages 57-79

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2022.341395.612540

Abstract

One of the models for evaluating the translation of cultural elements in texts is the model proposed by Peter Newmark (1988). Using a descriptive-analytical method and based on Newmark's ... Read More

Discourse Analysis of the Tenth Letter of Nahj al-Balagha Based on Norman Fairclough’s Pattern

Abdolhossein Zokaei; Roohollah Sayadinejad; Abbas Eghbali

Volume 12, Issue 2 , July 2020, , Pages 63-83

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.257787.611906

Abstract

Critical discourse analysis, as a modern interdisciplinary approach, attempts to read the text beyond words, sentences, and the text itself. It deems the context necessary to understand ... Read More Critical discourse analysis, as a modern interdisciplinary approach, attempts to read the text beyond words, sentences, and the text itself. It deems the context necessary to understand the semantics of a text from a critical point of view. Its aim is to clarify the structures of power, domination, and political, social, and cultural inequalities. These structures are criticized through rhetoric, syntax, pragmatics, and intertextuality. This paper adopts a descriptive-analytical method to examine the tenth letter of Nahj al-Balagha,which is addressed to Muawiyah, based on Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse pattern. This model, theorized in the book Language and Power, redefines asymmetrical social relations. It considers three layers for discourse analysis: description, interpretation, and explanation. In Fairclough’s opinion, the social action is shaped by the interaction of these layers. This essay, on the layer of description, studies the text from a formalistic point of view. On the layer of interpretation, it deals with the interaction of text and its context, and explores the elements of power and ideology. It is noteworthy that these elements are reflected in the use of pronouns. The pronoun I, for instance, indicates professional and social responsibility while the pronoun you indicates the differences between Imam Ali’s personality and that of his counterparts, namely the Umayyads. The letter mentions the same motives that troubled the Islamic society from the first battle to the Battle of Siffin. Critical discourse analysis reveals the ideological differences between Imam Ali and the Umayyads reflected in its use of elements such as metaphors and pronouns. Furthermore, the article tries to demonstrate that in this letter, the purpose of Imam Ali as the religious and legitimate ruler of the Islamic world was to disrupt the domination and inequality in the structure of tribalism of the Umayyad Caliphate, for otherwise Muslims would face grave difficulties.

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Keywords = Nahj al-Balagha

Translability of Cultural Elements in Qasea Sermon of Nahj al-Balagha - Comparison of Ayati and Shahidi Translations with Consider to Newmark Theory

Abstract

Discourse Analysis of the Tenth Letter of Nahj al-Balagha Based on Norman Fairclough’s Pattern

Abstract