Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 professor in university of tehran
2 univercity of tehran
Abstract
The "dream" is a basic and important idiom in Arabic modern poetry and literary criticism. This idiom, influenced by Sufism or some western schools, made significant changes in the principles of writing modern Arabic poetry. Thus, the Arabic modern poet did not use the previous structures and old frameworks of poetry but sought new ways to create a new language in modern poetry. Among the Arab modern poets, Adonis tries to apply methods of dreamy writing in his works. This article is written based on analytical-descriptive method and aims to introduce the idiom of dream in the literary criticism. It also specifies the techniques of dreamy writing in poetry of Adonis. It concludes that he uses techniques of dreamy writing for example: breaking the grammatical norms including breaking the sign of ascribe, deletion of conjunctions, as well as indetermination of pronoun references. He also uses paradoxical images, defamiliarization in images, and implements practices in text interpretation such as ignorance of words definitions, incomplete sentences, and absence of subject. According to this, it can be concluded firstly that the idiom of "dream" caused a lot of changes in the definition of poetry and in the use of technical equipment in new poetry language, especially in the poems of Adonis. Second, Adonis approached the legacy of Sophism and Sufi writing style by applying new writing practices. Thirdly, he is the only contemporary critic that considers features for dream as: invisibility, ambiguity and infinity; and provides a comprehensive definition of it. Fourth, according to Adonis definition, the idiom of "dream" is different from the Sufism idiom of "observation", because it's not just seeing and viewing and the poet at a higher level interferes and manipulates the concepts. And the last point is that Adonis could, with using these techniques, approach to dreamy writing.
Keywords
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