Metamorphosis of Symbol in Political Poems of Nazzar Ghobani

Behroozi, Mojtaba; Habibi, Ali Asghar; Ahmadi Chenari, Ali Akbar

doi:10.22059/jalit.2019.240456.611772

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, University of Zabol

² Associate Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, University of Zabol

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.240456.611772

Abstract

The complex political and social conditions of contemporary era and the emergence of the contradictions of society in some Arab countries, along with the artistic motivations, makes the poet call the traditional symbolic treasures to express his inner thoughts, giving authenticity to his work and creating ambiguity of art. Furthermore, the excessive call of certain heritage symbols and the use of similar implications in contemporary poetry have sometimes caused symbolic implications to be so tangible to the reader that the poem gets a tone of address and report. In this regard, the use of metamorphosis of symbols is a method of novelty and personification of lexical elements and implications of the symbols that the mighty and conscious poet used to invertand negative rendering of the well-known implications of symbol and they are changed in such a way that the symbol takes new implications contrary to theoriginal state. In general, the metamorphose in the concept of symbols represent the essence of the poet mind. Nazzᾱr Qabᾱni is of those poets who call for ancient treasures and some natural elements in order to create artistic ambiguity and dynamic images and also to illustrate the contradictions of contemporary Arab society with their past, and recreates ancient symbols through inverting and negative rendering of the implications. In this regard, the metamorphosis of symbols is considered as one of the most important sources of political poetry of Nazzᾱr Qabᾱni. The present research, using descriptive-analytical method, attempts to evaluate the range of metamorphoses of symbols in political poems of the poet and reveal his implicit implications of his ballades. The results show that the metamorphosis of symbolic implication of faces and natural elements associated with the concepts of heroism and courage in the poetry of Qabani has a special place compared to other samples.

Keywords

References

Abdolsabour, Salah, My Life in Poetry, Beirut, Dar Alawdeh, 1969,[In Arabic].

Aboheif, Abdullah, Al-Mutanabi Mask in Modern Arabic Poem, Beirut, Arab Foundation for researches, 2004, [In Arabic].

Ahmadi, Babak, Text Interpretation Structure, Tehran, Markaz Publication, Fourth Edition, 2009, [In Persian].

Akbari, Fatemeh and Poornamdarian, Taghi, "Symbol and Its Difference with the Mark and signal," Growth of Persian Language and Literature Education, No. 3, pp. 54-60, 2011, [In Persian].

Al - Husseini, Rashid bin Hamad bin Hashl, Strutural stylistic in poetic text in applied studies, Cairo, 2004, [In Arabic].

Ali Nejad, Maryam, "The Study of Symbolism in Persian Poetry", Master thesis, Mahmoud Fotoohi, Kharazmi University, Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, 2002, [In Persian].

Al-Masdi, Abdolsalam, Stylism and Style, Beirut, Alketab Aljadidatel Motahedeh Publication, 5th edition, 2006, [In Arabic].

Al-Rawashdeh, Sameh, The Meanings of Text (Applied researches in Modern Poem), Beirut, Arab Foundation for Publishing, 2006, [In Arabic].

Al-Zawi, Ahmad Arafat, The Function of Tradition in Contemporary Arab Poetry, Translator Seyyed Hossein Sayedi, Mashhad, Ferdowsi University Press, 2005, [In Arabic].

Ashri Zaed, Ali, The Eighth Trip of Sindbad, Cairo, Publishing and Distribution Dar Thabet center of , 1984, [In Arabic].

-----------------, On the construction of the Arabic Ode, Cairo, Abinsina Library, 4th edition, 2002, [In Arabic].

------------------, recalling Traditional Figures in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Cairo, Dargarib, 1997, [In Arabic].

Aziz, Tuma, "Poetic Language of Theory of ecart (Kohn and Todrov)", Contemporary books Society, seventh edition, No. 26, pp. 98-110 1996, [In Arabic].

Chdoyk, Chales, Symbolism, Translated by Mehdi Sahabi, Tehran, Markaz publication, 1999, [In Persian].

Dad, Sima, Literature Dictionary, Morvarid Publications, Fourth Edition, 2001, [In Persian].

Falaki, Mahmoud, Poetry style, Tehran, Mohit, 1999, [In Persian].

Fazl, Salah, The science of stylistics principles and regulations, General society of Egyptian authors, Cairo, 1985, [In Arabic].

Feldheer, A, » Metamorphosisin in the Metamorphoses «In hardie, 6, 79 - 163, 2012, [In Persian].

Hawes, Gerta, »Metamorphoses and Metamorphic Identity«, AhccaPostgarndate conference, 2, 21- 42, 2006, [In Persian].

Ismail, Ezzeddine, Contemporary Arab Poetry and its subjets an artistic charatrizations, Beirut, Dar Al-Awda, 1972, [In Arabic].

Kohn, John, The Structure of the Poetic Language, translated by Mohamed Al-Wali, Beirut, Toubkal Publishing Center, 1986, [In Persian].

Mashayekhi, Hamid Reza and Zeynab Khodadadi, "Study of Denormalization in some Parts of Nazar Qabani's Poems", Contemporary Review of Arabic Literature, No. 2, pp. 60-87, 2012, [In Persian].

Mehrgran, Mansour and others, Illustrated study of intertextuality of transcendentalism metamorphosis in Shahnameh, comparative literature (Persian Language and Literature Academy) No. 7, pp. 128-154, 2013, [In Persian].

Modaresi, Fatemeh and Fereshteh Rostami, "The metamorphese of Symbolic Figures in Safarzadeh Poems", Literary Techniques, Seventh Year, No. 12, pp. 15-30, 2015, [In Persian].

Morieh, Shamooil, Modern Arabic Poetry, Translated by Shafi Al-Sayed and Saad Maslooh, Dar Gharib, Cairo, 2003, [In Persian].

Omidali, Hojjatallah, Metamorphosis in Persian literature based Nima, Forough, Sohrab, Akhavan, Shamloo Works, Doctoral dissertation, Mohsen Zolfaghari, Arak University, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, 2011, [In Persian].

Poornamdarian, Taghi and Khosravi Nik, Mohammad, "The Symbol metamorphosis in Contemporary Poetry", Persian Language and Literature Studies, No. Sixteenth, Pages 162-147, 2008, [In Persian].

Poornamdarian, Taghi, symbol and symbolic stories in Persian literature, Tehran, institute of cultural studies, 1985, [In Persian].

Qabbani, Nizar, complete Political Works, Part III, Beirut, Nizar Qabbani Publications, Fifth Edition, 1982, [In Arabic].

Qabbani, Nizar, complete Political Works, Part VI, Beirut, Nizar Qabbani Publications, Fifth Edition, 1993.

Rakhshanehnia, Seyyedeh Akram, Intertextuality of Quranic Prophets Stories in Contemporary Arabic Poem, Doctoral dissertation, Kobra Roshanfekr, Tarbiat Modarres University, Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, 2002.

Rastegar Fassaei, Mansour, Dragon in Iran's mythology, Tehran, Toos, 2000.

Readings in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Cairo, Darelfekr Al Arabi, 1998.

Sedqi, Hamed and Morteza Zare, "Analysis of Symbols of Protest Poetry in Contemporary Iraqi Literature Based on Hassan Al-Saneed's Poems," Iranian Association of Arabic Language and Literature, No. 30, pp. 56-78, 2014.

Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza, Poetry Music, Tehran, Agah Publication, Ninth Edition, 2006.

Sulaiman, Muhammad, Stylistic Phenomena in the Poem of Muhammad Adwan, Jordan, Dar Al Yazuri, 2007.

Zeinaldin, Thaer, Aboltayeb Al-Mutanabi in Contemporary Arabic Poem, Damascus, Arab Union of the Press, 1999.

Metamorphosis of Symbol in Political Poems of Nazzar Ghobani

References

References

Volume 10, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2December 2018Pages 101-121

Volume 10, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
December 2018
Pages 101-121