Arabic Literature

A Paradigmatic-Syntagmatic Analysis of Mohammad Ali Shams al-Din’s “Al-Nazeloon ala al-Riyh”

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

abolfazl rezaei 1
zahra sadrian 2

1 Associate professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Beheshti University

2 Phd Student of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Beheshti University

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.266857.611977
Abstract
The theory of paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes developed by Roman Jacobson is one of the important approaches employed in semantic and formalist criticism. This theory has a unique function in discovering the internal meanings of linguistic structures and, in particular, the study of contemporary literature and the innovations of the authors of this era. Mohammad Ali Shams al-Din is one of the contemporary modern poets of Lebanese resistance literature who fashioned stunning imagery by creating innovative methods of linking elements of discourse. Taking note of the complexity and multi-layered concinnity of Shams al-Din’s poetry, the present paper seeks to employ a descriptive-analytic method to elicit the aesthetic elements of his ode “Al-Nazaloon Ala al-Riyh” based on paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes. This leads to an analysis of the covert semantic relations found in this literary work, as well as to discovering the innovative symbols used in it, and to determining the extent of its relevance to Iranian history, on the one hand, and the Islamic-Shi’i culture on the other. The results of the discussion indicate that Shams al-Din, by carefully selecting his words and combining them in paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes, has made intricate and delicate concinnities, using the literary devices of Īhām (a literary device in which the author’s words, phrases, or sentences do not have a fixed interpretation and can be interpreted in different ways), metaphor, and irony. Furthermore, he, for the first time, using the symbols of Iranian history, like Zenobia, along with the novel symbols derived from the Koranic culture and the battle of Karbala, such as wind and zabiha (the Islamic method of slaughtering halal animals), exhibited the interrelation of Arab, Iranian, and Islamic cultures. Moreover, the nature of his poetry is such that in critique and analysis of his literature, the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes work properly and efficiently.

Keywords

Mohammad Ali Shams al-Din
Formalist criticism
Paradigmatic axis
Syntagmatic axis
Qasida (ode)
Literary devices
efrences:  
Holy Quran.
Aboloddus, Y. (1997). Borrowing in literary criticism modern (dimensions of knowledge and beauty). 1th. Oman:  Alahliyeh Publication. [In Arabic].
Alavi Moghaddam, M. (2002). Contemporary Literary Critique Theory (Formalism and Structuralism) . Tehran: Samt Publishing. [In Persian].
Asl rokn abadi, L. (2013). A Comparative Study of Resistance Poetry Mohammad Ali Shamsoddin and Kaiser Aminpour. Ph.D. Hossein Abvissani. Tehran University of Teacher Education. Faculty of Literature and Humanities.  [In Persian].
Bidaj, M. (1989). From Nashaboor to Lebnan. Interview with Mohammed Ali Shamsuddin, a Lebanese poet.  Kayhan farhangi  Journal.  6th . NO. 63. Pp 34-36. [In Persian].
Daryanavard, M. (2013). Structural Analysis of Zachariah Tamer's "Wonderful Story" Based on Two Succession and Co-axis". Linguistic Queries. Vol 4. No. 3. Pp. 204-230. [In Persian].
Dehkhoda, A.A.(2000).  Dictionary.  Tehran: University of Tehran Press Institute. [In Persian].
Farooghi Hedovalan, J.A. (2009). A criticism and analysis of Saadi's sonnets based on Jacobson's method. Journal of Persian Language and Literature (Gohar Goya). No. 4. Pp 191-216. [In Persian].
Fayaz, A.A. (2013). History of Islam. Tehran: University of Tehran Printing & Publishing Institute. [In Persian].
Ghaedan, A. (2008). Tourist places of interest in Syria. Tehran: Mashaar Publication. [In Persian].
Gholami, Z. (2014). The Intertextual Relations of the Qur'an in Contemporary Arabic and Persian Poetry, Mohammad Ali Shamseddin and Seyyed Hassan Hosseini », M.Sc. Ensieh Khazali. Al-Zahra University. Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages. [In Persian].
Gireshman, R. (2000). Iran in the past. Translated by Yaghoob Azand. Tehran: Maola Publication. [In Persian].
Hamavi, Y. (1995).  Mojamolboldan. VOL. 7. Beirut:  Sader Publication. [In Arabic].
Jabber, K. (2009). Mohammad Ali Shams aldin: Mr. M is digging the suburban. Alakhbar Journal. ON. Monday. [In Arabic].
Jamshidi, N. (2013).  Investigating Symbols in Lebanese Sustainable Poetry Based on the Poems of Mohammad Ali Shams al-Din. M.Sc. Akram Roshanfekr. University of Gilan. Faculty of Literature and Humanities.[In Persian].
Kalil joha, M. (1999). The Famous Writers of modern Arabic poetry from Ahmad Shooghi to Mahmood darvish. Beirut: alaodeh Publishing and alsaghafeh. [In Arabic].
Karter, D. (2010). Literary theory. Translated by Basel Almasameh, 1th. Dameshgh: altakvin press. [In Arabic].
Makarik, E.R. (2006). Encyclopedia of Literary Theories. Translated by Mehran Mohajer and  Mohammadi Nabavi. Tehran: Agah Publication. [In Persian].
Meghdadi, B. (1999). Alchemy inSpeech. Tehran: Hashemi Publication. [In Persian].
Noor alhoda, H. (2016). Mixed solitaire in Diwan Fajr al-Nada by the Algerian poet "Nasser Louhichi": a stylistic and linguistic textual study ». 7th. NO. 7. Pp 187-205. [In Arabic].
Noori, Z. (2010). Artistic fit in the poetry of Kaiser Aminpour.2th. NO. 6. Pp 99-117. [In Persian].
Roobinz, R.H (2006). The brief history of linguistics. Translated byAli mohammad hagh shenas. Tehran:  Ketabe mad Publication. [In Persian].
Safavi, K. (2001). From Linguistics to Literature (Poetry). Tehran: Hozeh honari Publishing. [In Persian].
Shamisa, S. (2009).  Literary Criticism. Tehran: Mitra Publication. [In Persian].
Shams aldin, M.A.  (2013). alnazeloon ala alrih. Beirut: aladab Publishing. [In Arabic].
Yakobson, R. (1982). Professional value. Translated by Ebrahim Alkhatib. 1th. Alabhas aladabiyehCorporation. [In Arabic].
Yakobson, R. (1983). Poetic issues. Translated by Mohammd Alvali and Mobarak Havooz. Aldar albayza. Tobghal Publication. [In Arabic].
Zaytoon, A.M. (1996). Poetic language of Mohammad Ali Shams aldin. Beirut: Harakt alrif alsaghafiyeh Publishing. [In Arabic].
 
Websites:
http://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/15061/
http://www.alamelarab.com /NEWSPA/elakhbar/htm.

  • Receive Date 17 October 2018
  • Revise Date 16 October 2019
  • Accept Date 19 April 2019

Home

Contact Us