Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Ph.D in Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Foreign languages, Kashan University, Iran, Kashan.
Abstract
Since the discourse governing classical Arabic texts implies different opinions among theorists, the science of rhetoric, has not been immune from these different viewpoints. The root of these multiple attitudes to literary-rhetorical categories can be found in the non-observance of reading rules by thinkers. Allusion is a suitable tool for some theorists to express their theories based on misconceptions. Hamzah Alavi (749 AH), in the rhetorical book "Al-Taraz; Al-Mutazamin al-asrar Al-Balagha wa ‘ulum haghaigh al-ijaz", by challenging the "meaning" and the "semantic range" of allusion tries to invalidate their views. Ibn-Athir (637 AH) is one of the thinkers whose attitude towards the art of allusion has been the subject of Alavi’s controversy. The current research tries to explain the semantic realm of allusion focusing on the different views of the two discussed thinkers using a qualitative approach and inductive method. The findings suggests that according to Alavi, Ibn Athir's definition of allusion leads to the "transformation of the combined contrasts". On the other hand, Alavi's belief is violated on the basis that Ibn Athir included allusion, simile, and metaphor in its semantic range. He considers the real and figurative meaning in metaphor as two separate situations, in which case, he is required to accept the non-transfer of the meaning; But in allusion, by accepting the transfer of meaning, he considers real and virtual concepts as two different meanings for the word, and takes a reading against the nature of virtual concepts.
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