Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Arabic language and literature, Razi University , Kermanshah, Iran
2 Professor Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Abstract
Dystopia or Viranshahr is a narrative of a sinister and evil society. This term contrasts with utopia or Armanshahr that poets and writers have been dreaming of for a long time. According to the general belief, the predominance of filth in human society and the increase of social and cultural problems can be called dystopia. The concept of destruction has a close relationship with Arab societies and recently a number of poets and writers have depicted it in their works. The Booker Prize-winning Arabic novel "Gange dovome sagh" (Harb al-Kalb al-Thaniyyah) is a science fiction work written by Ibrahim Nasrallah. In this novel, by rotating concepts and with the help of imagination, instead of depicting a country that is a victim of Zionism, he takes the criticism towards his own society and creates a world that creates a disaster. Narrating the future decaying cities, this novel depicts the differences within a collapsing and occupied society in which technology has made significant advances; But these developments ultimately cause pollution and a fallen and ruined city that leads to the destruction of mankind. The present study, with an analytical-descriptive approach, examines the most obvious dystopian elements in this novel and seeks to discover the reasons for its appearance. As a result, we will see that the crazy progress of technology and mechanization of man, the extravagance of modern man and the degeneration of high human qualities are the most important reasons for the emergence of this ruined city, which by depicting an imaginary and nameless city, drawing and criticizing a negative society, The rotation and stagnation of time and space, the disintegration of identity, etc. are reflected in the novel.
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