Arabic Literature

Semiotics of Words Denoting the Concept of Homeland in the Poems of Suleiman al-Isa According to Pierce's View

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Rabi Amiri 1
Tooraj Zeinivand 2
Jahangir Amiri 2

1 PhD student in Arabic language and literature, Razi University

2 Professor in Arabic Language and Literature, Razi University

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2020.308779.612263
Abstract
Literary semiotics is a new method of literary criticism that examines the role of linguistic signs in the creation of poetic themes and manifests its internal actions by exploring the secondary layers of the text and represents the main meaning and purpose of the poet. Pierce is one of the most famous semiotic theorists who, by presenting a three-dimensional model for the sign, created a great change in this science and provided the ground for criticizing the semantic structure of literary works. The concept of sign in this model arises from the relationship between its three components, namely representation, interpretation and subject. Signs in Pierce's theory consist of a chain of causes and effects that are governed by a kind of cause and effect relationship. The new poetry is completely different from the old one in terms of structure and content, and instead of explicitly expressing the themes of his poetry, the poet uses virtual language and linguistic symbols and indirectly expresses the purposes of his poetry. Suleiman Al-Issi is a famous Syrian poet and one of the poets of modernity whose most important and frequent subject of his poetry is patriotism due to his committed tendency towards the literature and thoughts of nationalism. Considering that Suleiman Al-Issi also uses covert and indirect language to express his literary messages and uses language signs, the present study based on Pierce's theory tries to analyze the signs related to the concept of homeland and to critique the role of secrets in the construction of signs. The concept of homeland in Al-Issi's poetry is not limited to his country, Syria, but includes the entire Arab world. From the results of the research, it can be pointed out that the signs of patriotism in the poems of Suleiman Al-Issi have been produced in the form of cryptographic structures of the creator of the work, aesthetics, space, time and intertextuality. Through the correct aArrangement of explicit meanings together and within the context of the text, he expresses the implicit meanings of the concept of homeland in imaginative language, thereby guiding the reader's mind from the surface of speech to the deepest layers of the text and by this, he has recited the secondary intentions behind words and the phrases of his poetry. Therefore, in this way, it gives sensory and tangible effects to abstract concepts. Hence, Al-Issi can be considered one of the best poets in the Arab world in using abstract concepts in an eloquent, effective and at the same time believable format that can impress any reader. He develops readers’ minds to feel the poetry more easily and sympathize with it.

Keywords

Semiotics
Cryptography
Pierce
Suleiman al-Issi
Homeland
Ahmadi, B. (2009), From Visual Signs to Text, Tehran, Center, Eighth Edition [In Persian].
Akbarpour, S., Roshanfekr A., Askari S. (2016), "Types of children's poetry in Divan al-Atfal; The work of Suleiman Al-Issi ", Studies in Literature, Mysticism and Philosophy, Volume 2, Number 2, pp. 75-85 [In Persian].
Emami, N. (2003), Constructivism and Structural Criticism, Ahvaz, Rasm [In Persian].
Anoushirvani, A., (2005), "Structural semiotic interpretation of the poetry of Winter by Akhavan-Sales", Foreign Languages Research, Vol. 23, pp. 5-20 [In Persian].
Bart, R. (2017), Elements of Semiotics, Selection and Editing by Amir Ali Nojoumian, Tehran, Morvarid [In Persian].
Bagheri, S. and Alireza E. (2016), "Investigation and delimitation of the scope and appearance of signs in architecture", Armanshahr Architecture and Urban Planning, Vol. 17, pp. 1-10 [In Arabic].
Balawi, R., Dehghan, M. (2019), “al-moghavemat al-Felestini in poetry al-atfal mogharebat al-shokhous and vazaefoha fi nosous al-moghavemat lel-shaer al-Souri Suleiman Al-Issi”, Journal of the Kolliat al-tarbiat Al-asasia, No. 42, pp. 16-30 [In Arabic].
Balawi, R, Dehghan, M. (2019), “Al-Baniyat al-Sardiyya in the poem "al-atfal yahmaloun al-rayat"of Sulayman Al-Issi”, Naghdie Ezaat, Volume 9, Number 33, pp. 107-124 [In Arabic].
Tadiyeh, Jan Yu (1999), Literary Criticism in the Twentieth Century, translated by Mahshid Nonhali, Tehran, Niloufar [In Persian].
Chandler, Daniel (2008), Fundamentals of Semiotics, translated by Mehdi Parsa, Tehran, Surah Mehr [In Persian].
Jamshidi, F., Meymandi, V., Ghaderi, F., Afkhami, A., Reza (2017), “Semiotics of linguistic cryptography in the poem Odeh Sinband  by Ali Foudeh”, Critique of
Contemporary Arabic Literature, Volume 7, Number 13, pp. 197 -225 [In Persian].
Hajizadeh, M., Bahman, Mayeh Gozel, Abhan, M. (2015), “Study and analysis of Suleiman Al-Issi's educational poems in the field of children's literature”, Critique of Arabic Literature, Volume 6, Number 1, pp. 67-91 [In Persian].
Darwish, M. (2005), Diwan, vol. 4, Riyadh, Al-Ris for books and publishing [In Arabic].
Dineson, Anhamari (2001), An Introduction to Semiotics, translated by Muzaffar Ghahraman, Abadan, Porsesh [In Persian].
Rasouli, H., Ahmadi, Shalir (2015), “A Semiotic Study of the poem "Mazar Yekbar Auras Bezakerti" by Abdullah Hamadi”, Journal of Critique of Arabic Literature, Volume 5, Number 2 - Consecutive Number 2, pp. 77-107 [In Persian].
Sasani, F. (2005), Meaning: Towards Social Semiotics, Tehran: Elm [In Persian].
Sojudi, F. (2003), Applied Semiotics, Tehran, Gheseh [In Persian].
Scheffler, Izriel (1987), Four Pragmatists, translated by Mohsen Hakimi, Tehran, Center [In Persian].
Shamisa, S. (1995), Guide to Contemporary Literature, Tehran: Mitra [In Persian].
Safavi, K. (2007), Introduction to Semantics, Tehran, Pazvak Keyvan [In Persian].
Zimran, M. (2004), An Introduction to Art Semiotics, Tehran, Gheseh, Second Edition [In Persian].
Al-Issi, Suleiman (1995), Al-Amal al-sharia, vol. 4, Beirut, Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing [In Arabic].
ـــــــــ (2014), Al-Amal al-Akhira, vol. 2, Damascus, Syrian Public Procurement Publications for the book [In Arabic].
Farid, Z. (2019), Faelia Alromouz Altabieie in poetry al-Atfal le-Suleiman Al-assi (Divan" Arajih taghni le-Atfal” Namouzja), Ezaate Naghsie, Volume 9, Number 2, pp. 31-590 [In Arabic].
Farid, Z., Akbarizadeh, F. (2019), "al-Hoviat al-Vatanie in poetry Suleiman Al-Issi le-Atfal drasa Simiaie Saghafie", Arabic Language and Etiquette, Volume 15, Number 4, pp. 565-589 [In Arabic].
Kupal, A. (2007), "The ups and downs of semiotics from knowledge to method", Bagh-e Nazar, vol. 7, pp. 48-39 [In Persian].
Giro, Pir (2001), Semiotics, translated by Mohammad Nabavi, Tehran, Age [In Persian].
Al-Mutanabi, Abu al-Tayyib (1973), Diwan, Beirut, Dar Beirut le-Tabae va al-Nashr [In Arabic].
Mohammadinejad Pashaki, A., Heidarian Shahri, A. R., Sedifi, K., Sidi, H. (2017), "Semiotics in Palestinian poetry based on Pierce's theory; A Case Study of the Poems of Haroon Hashem Rashid and Moin Basiso ", Lesan Mobin, Volume 9, Number 30, pp. 159-181 [In Persian].
Meghdadi, B. (1999), Dictionary of Literary Criticism Terms: From Plato to the Present Age, Tehran: Fekr Rooz [In Persian].
Makarik, Irnarima, (2005), Encyclopedia of Contemporary Literary Theories, translated by Mehran Mohajer, Tehran, Age [In Persian].
Najarian, M. R., Sorkhizadeh, Z. (1970), “Metaphor in the Children's Poems of Mahmoud Kianoosh and Suleiman Al-Issi” (1970), Grammatical and Rhetorical Research, Qom University, Volume 11, Number 19 [In Persian].
Wolfreys, J, Robbins, R, Kenneth, W. (2006), Key Concepts in Literary Theory, 2th Ed, Edinburgh University [In English].
 
Arabic Literature
Volume 13, Issue 3
Autumn 2021
Pages 105-126

  • Receive Date 24 August 2020
  • Revise Date 21 October 2020
  • Accept Date 21 September 2021

Home

Contact Us