The Critical Attitude of Yahya Bin Hamza Alavi to

Baboli Bahmeh, Elham

doi:10.22059/jalit.2024.378977.612847

The Critical Attitude of Yahya Bin Hamza Alavi to "The Semantic Range of Allusion" and "Transformation of the Combined Contrasts" in the Definition of Ibn Athir's Allusion

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Elham Baboli Bahmeh

Ph.D in Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Foreign languages, ‎Kashan ‎University, Iran, Kashan. ‎

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2024.378977.612847

Abstract

Since the discourse governing classical Arabic texts implies different opinions among theorists, the science of rhetoric, has not been immune from these different viewpoints. The root of these multiple attitudes to literary-rhetorical categories can be found in the non-observance of reading rules by thinkers. Allusion is a suitable tool for some theorists to express their theories based on misconceptions. Hamzah Alavi (749 AH), in the rhetorical book "Al-Taraz; Al-Mutazamin al-asrar Al-Balagha wa ‘ulum haghaigh al-ijaz", by challenging the "meaning" and the "semantic range" of allusion tries to invalidate their views. Ibn-Athir (637 AH) is one of the thinkers whose attitude towards the art of allusion has been the subject of Alavi’s controversy. The current research tries to explain the semantic realm of allusion focusing on the different views of the two discussed thinkers using a qualitative approach and inductive method. The findings suggests that according to Alavi, Ibn Athir's definition of allusion leads to the "transformation of the combined contrasts". On the other hand, Alavi's belief is violated on the basis that Ibn Athir included allusion, simile, and metaphor in its semantic range. He considers the real and figurative meaning in metaphor as two separate situations, in which case, he is required to accept the non-transfer of the meaning; But in allusion, by accepting the transfer of meaning, he considers real and virtual concepts as two different meanings for the word, and takes a reading against the nature of virtual concepts.

Keywords

Alavi

Ibn Athir

allusion

meaning

semantic range

transfer of meaning

Al-Alawi, Y. (1914). Al-Taraz: Al-Mutazamin al-asrar Al-Balagha wa ‘ulum ‎haghaigh al-ijaz, 1st V., Egypt: Al-Muqtataf, [In Arabic].‎

Al-Jurjani, A. (1991). Asrar al-Balagha, description by M. M. Shakir. Egypt: ‎Mat’abata al-Madani, [In Arabic].‎

Al-Jurjani, A. (1992). Dalail al-Ijaz, edited by M. M. Shakir. Cairo: Maktaba al-‎Khanji, [In Arabic].‎

Al-Khatib al-Qazwini, J. (2003). Al-Izah fi Al-Ulum al-Balagha: Al-Ma'ani, Wa ‎Al-lbayan, wa Al-Badi’, edited by I. Shams-al-Din. Lebanon: Dar al-Kitab al-‎Elmiya, [In Arabic].‎

Al-Razi, F. (2004). Nahayat Al-Ijaz fi Al-Dirayat al-Eijaz, description by N. ‎Haji Mufti Oghli. Beirut: Dar Sadir, [In Arabic].‎

Fakhr al-Din Falih, M. (1994). "Al-Dars al-Balaghi ‘ind Al-Alawi fi al-Taraz", ‎Adab al-Rafidin Magazine of Faculty Literature in University of Muwasil, ‎‎24(26), 171-204. DOI: 10.33899/radab.1994.165817, [In Arabic].‎

Faraj, A. (1997). Min Mabahith Al-Balagha wa Al-Naghd Bayna Ibn al-Athir ‎wa Al-Alavi. Cairo: MaktabataWahba, [In Arabic].‎

Ibn al-Athir, A. (1939). Al-Mathal Al-Sa’ir fi Adab al-Katib wa Al-shair, ‎description by M. Abdul Hamid, 2nd V., Egypt: Mataaba al-Babi al-Halabi wa ‎awladuhu, [In Arabic].‎

Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Bakhitawi, E. (1971). Manahij Al-Bahth Al-Balaghi ‎‎‘ind Al-Arab: Dirasat fi Al-Asis Al-Ma’rifiya. Lebanon: Dar al-Kitab al-Elmiya.‎

Rezaei Haftador, GH. (2015). "Investigation of allusion in the interpretation of ‎Keshaf Zamakhshari", Journal of ADAB-E-ARABI, 7 (2), 71 -88. ‎https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2016.58100, [In Persian]. ‎

Zaidi, A., Murabat, Z. (2016), "Al-Shaheed al-Balaghi fi Kitab al-Ijaz Li-Yahya ‎bin Hamza al-Alawi", Tarikh Al-Ulum Magazine of the University of Djelfa, ‎‎2(4), 76-84,‎‏ ‏‎[In Arabic].‎