Arabic Literature - Articles in Press

Analysis of the Main Female Characters in Shahrnosh Parsipoor's Novel “The Dog and the Long Winter" and Fatemeh Yousef Al-Ali's Novel "Faces in the Crowd” Based on the Symbolic Interaction Theory

Mahmood Heidari; mina khoubanian

Volume 14, Issue 4 , January 2023, , Pages 51-69

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2023.330317.612447

Abstract

Symbolic interaction theory studies the activities of persons in dealing with social phenomena. One of the main themes of this theory is the study of personality development on the ... Read More Symbolic interaction theory studies the activities of persons in dealing with social phenomena. One of the main themes of this theory is the study of personality development on the basis of individual actions. The founders of this theory believed that behavioral analysis should be based on "social action" because the personality of the individual or himself is formed in communication with society. Based on this theory, the present article divided the personality of women, their dynamics, and gender roles in fictional literature. To reach this purpose, the four components of self-concept, behavioral Characteristics, connection patterns, and Position in the hierarchy of power were used to analyze the main characters in two novels. The research adopted the method of qualitative content analysis with a comparative approach to the societies of Iran and Kuwait and the units of analysis are two novels by Shahrnoush Parsipoor (The Dog and the Long Winter) and Fatima Yousef Al-Ali (Faces in the crowd). To this end, the feminist characters in these stories are divided into three character groups: traditional, transitional, and modern women to analyze women's actions on the basis of the roles they play in society. The results of the study show that the two main characters in these two novels belong to the group of modern women according to the mentioned components. They refuse to accept sexual suitability in society and seek to redefine sexuality and all concepts related to it. These fictional and inspiring characters also see themselves as capable women who use their abilities to achieve the ideal of equality and the realization of their rights. They have characteristics such as: non-functional, tradition-breaking, sexually active, brave, etc., and follow a set of female and male communication patterns. According to this study, women who do not have purely feminine characteristics or follow communication patterns and consider themselves to be personal are in the group of modern women

“Review and analysis on plot in Novel “At-Tariq Al-Tawil” written by Naguib AL- Keilani”

Zahra Afzali; Mehri Kheirizadeh

Volume 3, Issue 3 , February 2012, , Pages 55-82

Abstract

At present, story literature has achieved an extraordinary credit in terms of purposing the foremost and most orginal issues concerning to human as well as the rate of influence and ... Read More

Applicable role of Laisa and Layakun in the Arabic grammar

Mohammad Ebrahim Khlifeh Shushtari; Zahra Khodaii

Volume 4, Issue 2 , August 2012, , Pages 57-72

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2012.30308

Abstract

Since the verbs of and have similar use and play an important role in Arabic grammar, it was useful to study both and discuss about their functions. Following the discussion we found ... Read More

Transability of Cultural Elements in Qasea Sermon of Nahj al-Balagha - Comparison of Ayati and Shahidi translations with consider to Newmark Theory

zahra Rezaee; Ezzat Molla Ebrahimi

Volume 15, Issue 3 , September 2023, , Pages 1-1

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2022.341395.612540

Abstract

Translability of Cultural Elements in Qasea Sermon of Nahj al - Balagha : Comparison of Ayati and Shahidi translations with consider to Newmark TheoryAbstract : One of the models for ... Read More

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Components Post Colonial Perception in" Road to the sun East –west" Wirtten by Abdul Karim Nassif

javad Asghari; simin gholami

Volume 10, Issue 2 , December 2018, , Pages 21-40

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2018.201467.611425

Abstract

One of the approaches of comparative literature and cultural studies is criticizing post colonialism which analyzes the impacts of colonialism in literary texts and deals with discovering ... Read More One of the approaches of comparative literature and cultural studies is criticizing post colonialism which analyzes the impacts of colonialism in literary texts and deals with discovering post colonialist parameters in literature. Perhaps it could be say, post colonialism is one of topics that has caught critic’s attention even in 2001. Abdul karim nassif is contemporary capable Syrian writer who is unknown for Iranian readers. He has tried by authoring the book "Road to the sun: East –west" to place the issue of countering colonialism as your top priority. this writer presented consequence colonialism in Syria during the invasion by France. In addition to, He puts forward pensive ideas concerning land independence with safeguarding traditional values of the Arab world’s awakening a nation’s fight to gain freedom a parallel to romantic subject. The present research attempts to take a step in this critical domain to allocate postcolonial protagonists of the novel such as orientology, european-centeredness, the other and subaltern based on emphasis of descriptive-analytic method in this novel. The result shows that how the writer has been able to describe the colonial effects and consequences political, sociological and economical in the middle east, especially in syria by using postcolonial view using a multi-layered narrative and display the negative impacts and feedback of colonialism with the field of this approach and to play a role through reviving cultural and national traditions or sternghtening them. It could be say that the postcolonial protagonists orientology has considerable impact in this novel. As a matter of fact, by highlighting the manifestation of the eastas the post-colonialism and the element of location in this novel, the writer shows the confrontation of the two east and the west cultures on the hand, and on the other hand, with the presence of the protagonist in the east, he incites a kind of patriotism feeling in him.

A Comparative Study of Ahmed Saadawi’s Frankenstein in Baghdad and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein

Seddigheh Hoseini; Mahin Hajizadeh; Hamid Valizadeh

Volume 12, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 23-46

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.268460.611985

Abstract

The term hypertextuality refers to any form of adaptation; therefore, in literature, this term expresses the relations between texts. The novel Frankenstein in Baghdad written by Ahmed ... Read More The term hypertextuality refers to any form of adaptation; therefore, in literature, this term expresses the relations between texts. The novel Frankenstein in Baghdad written by Ahmed Saadawi, an Iraqi novelist, is influenced by Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus in that the signs of the cleared layers of Shelley’s hypotext can be seen in Sadawi’s hypertext. This leads to a palimpsestuous relation between the two texts. In the field of hypertextuality, the term palimpsest refers to any type of adaptation in which the layers of the original text can be seen in the adapted text. This process, which is named transformation, takes place through a purposeful change made in the hypertext without any imitation of it. The transformation and extension of meaning in the hypotext is done through transposition, which refers to the drastic changes made to the hypotext. It is possible, however, to detect parody of the hypotext, such as practice of transvestism, in Saadawi’s novel. Yet, parody is not the entire hypertextual relation between the two texts. This study analyzes the transformational relation between some features of the contents of the two texts and the changes made to the hypertext in the form of transposition. Transposition makes profound changes in many of the dimensions of Shelley’s novel without interpreting it. Titles, names, places, themes, symbols, language, religion, and beliefs are some of the items that are transposed in Saadawi’s novel. The appearance of the character Frankenstein in Saadawi’s novel causes the emergence of different cultural and social symbols and signs. The difference between the language of the novels and the difference between places are vivid examples of transposition that explain the spectral presence of Frankenstein in the hypertext, the dominant atmosphere of the hypertext, and how the past causes the absence of meaning with its presence.

Introduction, Review and Analysis of the Manuscript “Izz al-Din Abdul Aziz Kāshi’s Sharḥ al-Mufassal”

Mohammad Ebrahim Khalifeh Shooshtari; roghayyeh khorrami

Volume 9, Issue 2 , March 2018, , Pages 37-54

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2017.204773.611453

Abstract

kāshi’s Manuscript “sharḥ al-Mufassal” remained from the seventh and eighth centuries (A.H), and the author explained zamakhshari’s “al-Mufassal” ... Read More

Investigation of the Style Maker Components in “Tahavvolat al-Asheq” of Adonis

Ali Nazari; Sayed Mahmud Mirzaii Alhosaini; Mehran Najafi Hajivar

Volume 10, Issue 1 , June 2018, , Pages 37-54

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2018.211434.611503

Abstract

Tahavvolat Al-Asheq poetry collection, has written by Adonis one of contemporary Arab poet. Adonis is one of the most prominent critics and literates of the world with his innovations ... Read More Tahavvolat Al-Asheq poetry collection, has written by Adonis one of contemporary Arab poet. Adonis is one of the most prominent critics and literates of the world with his innovations and iconoclasm in Arabic poetry and critique. He composed and published the poetry collection Tahavvolat Al-Asheq in 1961-1965. During this time, Adonis was greatly affected by mystical and religious studies, and this period of time can be considered as the stage of poet's maturity and poetic perfection. He was affected by the opinions and thoughts of the nominated mystics, in particular, Abdul Jabar Neffari, Ibn Arabi and Sheykh Mahmoud Shabestari, to a certain extent that he published a magazine entitled "Moaghef". Al-mavaghef va Al-mokhatabat were some literary works of Neffari that were related to the spiritual progress, wayfaring and journeying of mystics and order of conduct. This poem is closely related to mystical and religious insights. In this article, relying on inductive approach based on the description and analysis, we explain the stylistic elements of Tahavvolat Al-Asheq poetry in different layers of literature and language. In this research, with an overview of this components in both literature and language, relying on clear specifications of poet poetic style, we analyzed the intellectual level and intellectual level has not been studied separately because poet`s thinking and mentality, consciously or unconsciously, has direct influence in language formation and literary levels. By examining the literature level we can regard him as most familiar remover among Arab poets and based on the obtained results with examining the language level (lexical frequency and repeating elements), since governing structure and content of the poetry has religious signs, Adonis`s poetic style is abstract, mind-oriented and use of mental and labeled terms as well as the use of mystery and myth, has neared poetry language to sufi language, thus causes its complexity and ambiguity. On the other hand, array replication in this poem, in addition to the rhythmic word is represents poet`s internal feelings.

Exemplifications in the Dictionary of al-Ain by Khalil Ibn Ahmad al-Farāhidi: With a Focus on Poetic Instance

Bahram Amani Chacoli

Volume 9, Issue 1 , December 2017, , Pages 39-52

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2017.117051.611223

Abstract

AbstractThe book of Al-ain Khalil ibn Ahmad Farāhidi (100- 170 AH) is one of the most important sources of the Islamic period. Exploring the citations of this book is important ... Read More

The Reflection of Folk Beliefs in the Poetry of Mutanabbi

Hadis Sheikh Asadi; Sadegh Sayyahi; Hasan Dadkhah Tehrani

Volume 12, Issue 4 , February 2021, , Pages 39-58

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.233517.611721

Abstract

Folk beliefs are among the most important elements of imagery in poetry. Folklore is like a mirror which reflects the spiritual characteristics of a nation and their background through ... Read More

An Analysis of Anachronism in Ghada al-Samman’s “The Fire of that Summer” Based on Gérard Genette’s Theories

Samireh Khosravi; Vahid Sabzianpoor

Volume 12, Issue 2 , July 2020, , Pages 43-62

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.266412.611974

Abstract

Time is one of the important topics in narratology. Gérard Genette, a French theorist of structuralism, has provided the most comprehensive theorization of time in narration, ... Read More Time is one of the important topics in narratology. Gérard Genette, a French theorist of structuralism, has provided the most comprehensive theorization of time in narration, especially the discrepancy between the time of the narration and the time of the story. The present research tries to examine Ghada al-Samman’s “The Fire of that Summer,” published in her 1973 collection of short stories The Departure of Old Ports, based on Genette’s theorization of time order so as to determine the extent to which anachronism is used in two retrospective and prospective modes in this story. The main hypothesis of this study is that Samman’s short story, since it has many temporal inconsistencies so that the past, present and future intrude into one another, can be analyzed by Genette’s theories. The research, adopting an analytical-descriptive method, analyzes the inconsistencies between the time of the story and the time of the text to demonstrate that the author, using retrospective anachronism (in three forms: diegetic, non-diegetic, and a combination of these two) and prospective anachronism (diegetic and non-diegetic), breaks the linear time of the story. The story begins at a moment when the internal and subjective conflicts of the main character (the narrator) are highlighted. By exposing the inner world and the chaos of the protagonist, Samman invites the audience to read a moving, complex, and, sometimes, highly engaging story. She uses retrospective diegetic anachronism to depict the protagonist’s bitter memories of the fall of the West Bank and the defeat of 1967, while she uses non-diegetic anachronism to portray the Arab community’s negligence of the suffering of Palestinian people. Prospective anachronism is used to portray the predictions of the protagonist about the future of Arab societies. Since the story is based on the portrayal of the reminiscences of the protagonist, retrospective diegesis is highlighted.

A Paradigmatic-Syntagmatic Analysis of Mohammad Ali Shams al-Din’s “Al-Nazeloon ala al-Riyh”

abolfazl rezaei; zahra sadrian

Volume 11, Issue 2 , October 2019, , Pages 45-65

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.266857.611977

Abstract

The theory of paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes developed by Roman Jacobson is one of the important approaches employed in semantic and formalist criticism. This theory has a unique ... Read More The theory of paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes developed by Roman Jacobson is one of the important approaches employed in semantic and formalist criticism. This theory has a unique function in discovering the internal meanings of linguistic structures and, in particular, the study of contemporary literature and the innovations of the authors of this era. Mohammad Ali Shams al-Din is one of the contemporary modern poets of Lebanese resistance literature who fashioned stunning imagery by creating innovative methods of linking elements of discourse. Taking note of the complexity and multi-layered concinnity of Shams al-Din’s poetry, the present paper seeks to employ a descriptive-analytic method to elicit the aesthetic elements of his ode “Al-Nazaloon Ala al-Riyh” based on paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes. This leads to an analysis of the covert semantic relations found in this literary work, as well as to discovering the innovative symbols used in it, and to determining the extent of its relevance to Iranian history, on the one hand, and the Islamic-Shi’i culture on the other. The results of the discussion indicate that Shams al-Din, by carefully selecting his words and combining them in paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes, has made intricate and delicate concinnities, using the literary devices of Īhām (a literary device in which the author’s words, phrases, or sentences do not have a fixed interpretation and can be interpreted in different ways), metaphor, and irony. Furthermore, he, for the first time, using the symbols of Iranian history, like Zenobia, along with the novel symbols derived from the Koranic culture and the battle of Karbala, such as wind and zabiha (the Islamic method of slaughtering halal animals), exhibited the interrelation of Arab, Iranian, and Islamic cultures. Moreover, the nature of his poetry is such that in critique and analysis of his literature, the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes work properly and efficiently.

The Romantic Insight in the Classical Images, a Research about Ibn Zaydun’s Sonnets

Khodadad Bahri

Volume 13, Issue 3 , November 2021, , Pages 45-65

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2021.296336.612172

Abstract

Romanticism is one of the most famous contemporary literary schools that has had a great impact on the works of poets and writers from different countries of the world. The most prominent ... Read More Romanticism is one of the most famous contemporary literary schools that has had a great impact on the works of poets and writers from different countries of the world. The most prominent features of this literary school are: honest interpretation of personal emotions and feelings that come to the human conscience; being intrinsic or individualism; empathy and unity with nature; paying close attention to landscapes, especially pristine and wild landscapes; adherence to imagination; interpretation using new and inspiring codes; getting rid of poem meter and rhyme in moderation; back to the beginning and childhood; regretting of the past; dreams, love, despair, thinking about death and... . Although it has emerged recently, it seems that the themes it emphasizes can also be found in poetry from earlier literary periods. The author intends to answer these questions by examining Ibn Zaydoun's sonnets, one of the most prominent poets of Andalusia. Which of the themes that are called romantic themes today exists in the poems of Ibn Zaydun? How close are the images that the poet has created to express these themes to the specifications of the illustrations of the school of Romanticism? The author's method for answering these questions is descriptive-analytical. The results show that although the school of Romanticism is a new school, the following themes can be considered as examples of romantic themes in Ibn Zaydun's sonnets: the individual grief caused by an unexpected love for Valladeh the daughter of Mostakfi that not only led to separation but also to his imprisonment. The longing for home that has been sometimes appeared in poems combined with beloved’s memories and sometimes in independent poetry. A return to the past, especially to a period in which the poet's bliss has flourished. The study also shows that the poet's portrayals, especially his descriptions, lack consistency in the vertical axis of poetry, but in many cases he has chosen the metaphorical language that is a characteristic of romantic poetry to express his inner feelings.

Pre-Islamic Women in Tribal Wars

Mostafa Shiravi-khouzani; Mahdi Naseri; Tawfiq Bavi

Volume 13, Issue 2 , July 2021, , Pages 47-68

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2020.211947.611507

Abstract

Frequent tribal wars are a fact that cannot be denied or overlooked, and the effects of these wars on human society as a whole, and women in particular, should be taken into consideration. ... Read More

Investigating Multivocality Representations in the Novel al-Zaman al-Mūhish (the Desolate Time) Using Bakhtin's Narrative Theory

Reza Anesteh; Aliasghar Ghahramani Moghbel; Rasoul Ballavi; Naser Zare

Volume 11, Issue 1 , July 2019, , Pages 49-70

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2019.278308.612050

Abstract

Polyphonic narrative technique (multivocality) appeared remarkably and manifestly in Modernism and Postmodernism, because unlike the classical novel, it is dependent on the diversity ... Read More Polyphonic narrative technique (multivocality) appeared remarkably and manifestly in Modernism and Postmodernism, because unlike the classical novel, it is dependent on the diversity and multiplicity of narrative perspectives that eliminates the dominance of the novelist and the omniscient narrator, and allows the views of different characters to be appeared in the way that characters are able to express their intellectual and emotional potentials freely and extensively. The polyphonic narrative technique represents different patterns of consciousness and diverse ideologies that are democratically appropriate to the complexities of the modern age and their effects on the narrative structure of modern novels and other elements. The addition of fictional characters leads to the multiplicity of text levels, the mobility and dynamics of characters, the exchange of roles, and the development of the meanings of narrative discourse, that gives the novelist freedom and ability to hide behind the mask of their characters, thereby removing monotony (Immobility) and static of text. Russian critic, Mikhail Bakhtin, is the first to refer to the "polyphonic narrative" by studying the works of Dostoyevsky, who cares about the complicated and diverse aspects of contemporary man's psychology and social life. In this regard, using a descriptive-analytical method in the light of Bakhtin's theory, the present study tries to analyze this issue and express the most important features of Polyphonic narrative in the novel "The Desolate Time" (al-Zaman al-Mūhish) by Syrian novelist Haidar Haidar. One of the most important results of this study is that this novel reaches the principle of polyphonic technique through dialogue and dialectics of characters with different and heterogeneous voices using techniques and mechanisms including: the multiplicity of ideologies, narrative perspectives and artistic methods can be setting, hybridisation, parody, stylisation, and expressive forms that reflect the internal and external crisis of characters which symbolizes the Arab community.

The Cinematic Montage in the Novel I’jaam by Sinan Anton in Light of Sergei Eisenstein’s Views

Ahmad Adel Saki; Mohammad Javad Pourabed; Rasoul Balavi; Ali Khezri

Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2020, , Pages 49-71

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2020.286842.612123

Abstract

Montage is one of the techniques which modern novelists borrowed from cinema. This technique depicts the scenes of novel in a specific order to affect the mentality of the reader and ... Read More

Terminological Overlaps in the Pre-Islamic Literature and the Qur’an

Nasrollāh Shāmeli; A’zam Parcham

Volume 1, Issue 2 , February 2010, , Pages 53-76

Abstract

Reaching a considerable growth in terms of rhetoric, eloquence, and semantic richness of words or terms, the Arabic language was ready in the Pre-Islamic Period to receive the Divine ... Read More

Condemning of war, violence and Iraqi Ba’ath regime in view of Iraqi novelist “Hadieh Hussein”

Nehad Bazgir; Shahryar Niazi

Volume 8, Issue 2 , August 2017, , Pages 55-74

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2017.62558

Abstract

The attitude of revelation toward poets, based on the Poets Chapter of Quran

Hasan Rezaie; Ali Tamassoki Bidgoli

Volume 5, Issue 1 , July 2013, , Pages 57-84

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2013.35586

Abstract

The 224 to 226 verses of the Poets Chapter discuss those poets who are described as being followed by astray people, rambling here and there, and talking without doing. These holy verses ... Read More

an investigation of Various “Constructions of Imperfect Verb of Kâna” in Quran and Criticism of Translators Attitudes in Finding Persian Equivalent for It

Mohammad Reza Haji Esmaili; Reza Shokrani; Zohreh kiani

Volume 8, Issue 1 , September 2016, , Pages 59-76

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2016.60176

Abstract

The copulative word “Kâna” has been used 1450 times in the Holy Quran with its derivatives in different structures. The translators of the Holy Quran, therefore, must ... Read More

A postcolonial Study about “Season of Migration to the North” by Tayyeb Salih

Kamal Baghjeri; Shahryar Niazi

Volume 7, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 61-86

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2015.56644

Abstract

This article is a Postcolonial study about season of Migration to the North a novel written by Tayyeb Salih (the renowned Sudanese writer). The novel, season of migration to the north, ... Read More

Rhetorical Mysteries of Interrogation in the Noble Quran

Hassan Rezaee Haftador; Roohollah Shaheedee; Sayyedeh Razeeyeh Tawassol; Zeynab Roostayee

Volume 7, Issue 2 , July 2016, , Pages 61-80

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2016.58082

Abstract

Rhetoric – which means correspondence of discourse to the conditions of the audience – has always been considered as the manifestation of the Quran’s inimitability ... Read More

Meaningful Use of the View in the Cinematic Compositions of the Novel “I Lead You to My Other” by Aicha Arnaout

Mahin Hajizadeh; Abdolahad Gheibi; Amir Farhangdust

Volume 15, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Pages 61-84

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2022.339781.612519

Abstract

From the period when cinematic screenplays took on a dramatic course, fiction and literature greatly influenced screenplays, but from the 1980s onwards, cinema influenced fiction and ... Read More

“Impact of Mongol Invasion on Arabic versification in Iran”

Hojjat Rasooli

Volume 3, Issue 2 , November 2011, , Pages 63-82

Abstract

In the earliest centuries of Islamic period, Arabic language was spread in Iran by accelerated rate and over time it has been converted into Iranian political, scientific, and literary ... Read More

A Study on “Hadaegho-Sehr fi Daghaegho-Sher” of Rashidod-Din Vatvatt

Maryam Delavar

Volume 4, Issue 3 , October 2012, , Pages 63-94

https://doi.org/10.22059/jalit.2012.30320

Abstract

The present article is intended to recognize the insight value of (Hadaegh Al-sehr fi Daghaegh Al-sher) written by Allama Rashid-e-din Vatvatt,in addition to acknowledging his inovative ... Read More

Volume 15 (2023)

Volume 14 (2022)

Volume 13 (2021)

Volume 12 (2020)

Volume 11 (2019)

Volume 10 (2018)

Volume 9 (2017)

Volume 8 (2016)

Volume 7 (2015)

Volume 6 (2014)

Volume 5 (2013)

Volume 4 (2012)

Volume 3 (2011)

Volume 1 (2010)

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